Press, 1965), 39.ĥ Deyrup, Arms Makers of the Connecticut Valley, 148.Ħ Hindle and Lubar, Engines of Change, 158.ħ Deyrup, Arms Makers of the Connecticut Valley, 147.Ĩ Hindle and Lubar, Engines of Change, 18.ĩ Hindle and Lubar, Engines of Change, 160.ġ0 Hindle and Lubar, Engines of Change, 15.ġ1 Rolt, A Short History of Machine Tools, 48.ġ2 Rolt, A Short History of Machine Tools, 52.ġ3 Rolt, A Short History of Machine Tools, 49.ġ4 Hindle and Lubar, Engines of Change, 17-18.ġ5 Thomas C. Rolt, A Short History of Machine Tools (Cambridge, Massachusetts: M. Hunter, A History of Industrial Power in the United States, 1780-1930, vol 2, Steam Power (Charlottesville The University Press of Virginia, 1985), 117.ģ Hunter, A History of Industrial Power in the United States, 695.Ĥ L. 21 The prominence of steam engines as well as their changes, including the increase in horsepower, affected how machines and armaments were built during the Civil War.Ī The American Industrial Revolution took place between 17.ġ Brooke Hindle and Steven Lubar, Engines of Change: the American Industrial Revolution, 1790 – 1860 (Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1986), 158.Ģ Louis C. For the same time period, the primary metal industry's steam engines' horsepower increased by 21.5, and the machinery industry’s increased 12.6 in horsepower overall.

Steam engines average horsepower increased from 19.3 in all sectors of manufacturing in 1839 to 30.4 in 1869, an 11.1 horsepower increase. 22 That evolution can be seen in the increase of each engine's horsepower. As a result, 1860s steam engines were significantly different and more efficient machines than the initial models.

21 Steam engines continued to evolve and become stronger. By the 1850s, beam engines with their horizontal cylinders were becoming more popular.

Factory town steam engines